X and Y theory (Mc-Gregor) 

theory X assumes that employees are naturally unmotivated and dislike working, and this encourages an authoritarian style of management. According to this view, management must actively intervene to get things done. this style of management assumes that workers:

• dislike working
• avoid responsibility and need to be directed
• have to be controlled, forced, and threatened to deliver what's needed
• need to be supervised at every step, with controls put in place
• need to be enticed to produce results, other wise they have no ambition or incentive to work 

X type organisations tend to be top heavy, with mangers and supervisors required at every step to control workers. There is little delegation of authority and control remains firmly centralized. 
Mc-Gregor recognized that X-type workers are in fact usually the minority and yet in mass organizations, such as large scale production environment, x Theory management may be required and can be unavoidable. 
Theory Ytheory Y expounds a participative style of management that is decentralized. it assumes that employees are happy to work, are self-motivated and creative, and enjoy working with greater responsibility. It assumes that workers: 

• take responsibility and are motivated to fulfill the goals they are given
• seek an accept responsibility and do not need much direction
• consider work as a natural part of life and solve work problems imaginatively. 

this more participative management style tends to be more widely applicable. in Y-type organizations, people at lower levels of the organizations are involved in decision making and have more responsibility.