7 concluding remarks: towards a theory of fear management
3 important elements stand out in all the above strategies and manuals:

• Do not reinforce negative coping mechanisms
• Influence positive coping mechanisms
• Provide self-efficacy

Postive coping mechanisms (positive ways of adapting behaviour and attitudes to minimise stress) can be influenced through:

• Direct information and assistance to the victims and the victims relatives
• Sense and meaning making
• Organisation of positive meaningful events, such as gatherings, ceremonies, (religious) services
• The organisation of visible acts of justice