- Miniature but portable e-learning: use mobile technologies for conventional e-learning techniques - Connected classroom learning: to support collaborative learning - Information, personalized, situated mobile learning: location awareness, video-capture, etc. - Mobile training/ performance support: delivering information and support just-in-time and in context for their priorities - Remote/rural/development mobile learning: Delivering an supporting education where conventional e-learning technologies would fail - Technology-driven mobile learning: Enlarge existing mobile devices to improve the learning experience.