1) the literature mentioned refers to the problem statement.

2) mention different theories that have been applied.

3) sumarize the literature by providing very brief accounts of the previous studies

4) discuss new theories alongside the results of previous studies

5) often conflicting evidence is state in literature. specific research is supported by some and rejected by other. state these

6) demostrate how wel current study fit in with previous studies and high light the new contributions it makes.

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