1. Political avant garde
A political avant garde movement is one where the artists  use  stylistic change in order to bring about social or political change. Political avant garde movements  do not believe in Art for Arts sake - also called the Autonomy of Art. Peter Brucker sees  a rejection of the autonomy of art as one characteristic of a true Avantgarde.
2. Futurism is an example of a political avant garde where a change in artistic style was linked to political/social change.  When it began in 1909 Futurism was not linked to a specific political movement, however in the 1920s it became associated with Italian Facism.
-  Political social aims. Nationalism - Italy should be rejuvenated and modernised. Pro-industrial: speed, mechanisation, urbanisation, the machine were all positive aspects of modern life. Anti-HIgh culture _ museums and libraries should be destroyed. Violent - War was seens as necessary and hygienic.
- Stylistic Change  Depiction of dynamism and movement, the spectator placed at the centre of the action, modern life and machines as subject for art esp racing cars, planes, racing bikes.
-  Stylistic influence  Used the vibrant colour and distorted shapes of expressionism, influence of cubism and move towards abstract art.
NB. Although futurism prefigured facism in many of its political beliefs, Facism rejected futurism in favour of neo-classival art.